Umahluko phakathi kwe-UNS32750 ne-UNS32760

I-UNS S32750 ne-UNS S32760 zombini ziindidi zentsimbi engatyiwayo ye-super duplex ezisetyenziswa apho iindidi eziqhelekileyo zentsimbi engatyiwayo zisenokungabi namandla aneleyo okanye ukumelana nomhlwa we-chloride. Umahluko obonakalayo kukuba i-UNS S32750 luhlobo lwe-2507 oluchazwe kakhulu, ngelixa i-UNS S32760 ilukhetho lwe-super duplex enekoporo netungsten edla ngokukhethwa kwiinkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinobungozi obukhulu beasidi, amanzi olwandle, ne-oyile negesi. Ukuba uthelekisa uns32750 vs uns32760, Ukukhetha okulungileyo kuxhomekeke kancinci kwigama kwaye kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko-bume, imo yomveliso, umgangatho weprojekthi, isicwangciso sokuncamathisela, kunye nokufumaneka.

Kufuneka ukhethe ibanga elingakanani?

Khetha UNS S32750 xa iprojekthi idinga intsimbi engatyiwayo ye-super duplex eqinisekisiweyo enamandla aphezulu, ukumelana okomeleleyo nokuqhekeka okubangelwa kukhathazeko lwe-chloride, kunye nokufumaneka ngokubanzi kwiindlobo eziqhelekileyo zeemveliso. Khetha UNS S32760 xa imeko yomsebenzi inika ixabiso elongezelelweyo ukongezwa kwekopha netungsten, ingakumbi apho iinkcukacha-manani zifuna imathiriyeli yohlobo lwe-F55/Zeron 100 okanye apho ukumelana ne-asidi engayenzi i-oksayidi, ii-alkali ezinamandla, okanye iimeko zamanzi olwandle afudumeleyo kuyinkxalabo ephambili. I-Alleima ichaza i-SAF 2507, UNS S32750, njenge-super-duplex austenitic-ferritic stainless steel yomsebenzi obangela ukugqwala kakhulu, ngelixa i-Rolled Alloys ichaza i-ZERON 100, UNS S32760, njenge-super duplex stainless steel enomxube ophezulu we-alloy yeendawo ezinobungozi. (alleima.com)

Isishwankathelo esilula sesigqibo sinje ngale:

• Eyona khetho ilungileyo ye-super duplex ngokubanzi: UNS S32750, ingakumbi xa imizobo, uluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo, okanye iindlela zokufumana impahla sele zikhetha i-2507/F53.
• Eyona nto ilungileyo kukhetho lwenkonzo ecacisiweyo yohlobo lwe-F55/Zeron 100: UNS S32760, ingakumbi xa isiseko soyilo sixabisa ukongezwa kwekhophu netungsten.
• Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokuqalisa ukufunwa kweempahla: Qinisekisa imigangatho elawulayo ye-ASTM, ASME, EN, NACE, okanye iinkcukacha zeprojekthi phambi kokuthelekisa izithembiso zababoneleli.
• Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yobunjineli: Musa ukutshintsha enye ngenye ngenxa nje yokuba zombini ziindidi zentsimbi ze-super duplex; jonga ikhemistri, iimfuno zoomatshini, uqikelelo lokugqwala, inkqubo yoku-welda, kunye nezatifikethi.

Uthelekiso lwemibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo ye-super duplex i-UNS S32750 ne-UNS S32760

Umahluko ophambili kukhemikhali ye-alloy.

Zombini ezi klasi zikwisizalwane se-super duplex, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zidibanisa iimpawu zentsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-ferritic ne-austenitic. Olu lwakhiwo lwaphakathi oluxubeneyo lusisizathu sokuba ezi klasi zentsimbi ye-duplex zikwazi ukunika amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana okomeleleyo nokugqwala okubangelwa yi-chloride. Ngokubanzi, zombini zakhiwe ngomlinganiselo ophezulu we-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, kunye ne-nitrogen, kodwa i-UNS S32760 yona yongeza imilinganiselo ecwangcisiweyo ye-tungsten kunye ne-copper eyenza ukuba yahluke kwikhemistri esemgangathweni yohlobo lwe-2507.

Ngokwe UNS S32750, isazisi esiqhelekileyo yi-2507 okanye i-F53, enenombolo ye-EN engu-1.4410. I-Alleima idwelisa i-SAF 2507 njenge-UNS S32750 kunye ne-EN 1.4410, negama le-EN elingu X 2 CrNiMoN 25-7-4.  Umxube wawo oqhelekileyo uqondwa ngokuba unentsimbi ecishe ibe yi-25% yekhromiyam, malunga ne-7% yenikeli, imolibdenam ekumgangatho we-4%, kunye ne-nayitrojini yokulungelelanisa isigaba se-duplex nokumelana nokugqojozwa.

Ngokwe UNS S32760, isazisi esiqhelekileyo yiZeron 100 okanye F55, enenombolo ye-EN engu-1.4501. I-Rolled Alloys idwelisa i-ZERON 100 njenge-UNS S32760 kunye ne-W.Nr./EN 1.4501, kwaye incwadi yayo yedatha inika uluhlu lwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ezibandakanya ikhrom 24.0–26.0%, inikeli 6.0–8.0%, imolybdenum 3.0–4.0%, itungsten 0.5–1.0%, ibhaka 0.5–1.0%, isinyithi 0.5–1.0%, kunye ne-nitrogen 0.2–0.3%.

Xa kuthelekiswa ngokwe-chemistry, iingongoma eziphambili zezi:

• Ikromiyam: Omabini la manqanaba akwisigaba se-25% chromium super duplex, exhasa i-passivation kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation.
• I-Nickel: Zombini zisebenzisa inikeli ukunceda ukuzinzisa isigaba se-austenitic ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo se-duplex.
• IMolybdenum: Zombini ziquka imolybdenum yokuthintela ukugqwala okwenza imingxuma nemicango kwiimeko ezine-chloride.
• I-Nitrogen: Zombini zixhomekeke kwi-nitrogen ukuxhasa amandla, ulungelelwaniso lwezigaba, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa okhethekileyo.
• Ikoporo: I-UNS S32760 iquka isinyithi njengesongezelelo esiyimbekiselo; i-UNS S32750 ayifane ikhethwe ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kunye nesinyithi.
• I-Tungsten: I-UNS S32760 iquka itungsten njengongezo eliyimpawu yayo ebalulekileyo; i-UNS S32750 ayifane ibe nitungsten njengophawu lwayo oluphambili lokwenza i-alloy.

Indlela yokumelana nomhlwa iyahlula iimeko zokusetyenziswa.

Ukumelana nomhlwa sesona sizathu siphambili iinjineli zithelekisa ezi klasi zimbini zentsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-duplex. Zombini ezi klasi zenzelwe iimeko ezinzima, kodwa indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ayifani. I-UNS S32750 isoloko ikhethwa njenge-super duplex stainless steel eyomeleleyo nesebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi kwiimeko ezineekhlorayidi, ngelixa i-UNS S32760 isoloko ikhethwa apho umxube we-alloy owongezelelweyo ungqamana ngcono nokuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali.

I-Alleima ichaza i-UNS S32750 njengeyomelele kakhulu ekumelaneni nokuqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-chloride, iingxwaba, ukubola kwezikhala, ukubola ngokubanzi, ukubola ngenxa yokhukuliseko, kunye nokudinwa ngenxa yokubola. Oku kuyenza ilungele iinkqubo ezininzi zaselwandle, zokuqhuba iikhemikhali, zokutshintshisana ngobushushu, kunye neze-oyile negesi xa ikhowudi yoyilo elawulayo kunye nemida yendalo ingayixhasa.

I-Rolled Alloys iphawula ukuba umxube wethusi kwi-ZERON 100 unika ukumelana okugqwesileyo kwiiasidi ezininzi ezingonakalisiyo kwaye lo mxube wentsimbi ukumelana kakhulu nee-alkalis ezinamandla. Le yeyona sizathu esisebenzayo eyenza uthelekiso oluninzi lukhethe i-UNS S32760 kwiinkonzo zeekhemikhali ezinzima ngakumbi, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba i-UNS S32750 ibuthathaka, kodwa kungenxa yokuba i-S32760 ineempahla ezongezelelweyo zokuxuba i-alloy ezilungele iimeko ezithile.

Uthelekiso oluluncedo lokugqwala lolu:

• Ukuqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwe-chloride Omabini la manqanaba lukhetho olomeleleyo xa ethelekiswa neentlobo ezininzi zentsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-austenitic.
• Ukugqwala okwembobo nokwamacwinci: Zombini ziinketho ze-super duplex ezinokumelana okuphezulu; ukukhethwa kwe-grade kufuneka kuqwalasele iqondo lobushushu lokwenyani, izinga le-chloride, i-asidi, kunye nesakhiwo se-crevice.
• Iiasidi ezingonakalisiyo: I-UNS S32760 isenokuba nenzuzo ngenxa yomxube wayo wethusi.
• Iialkali ezinamandla: I-UNS S32760 idla ngokukhuthazwa kulo mmandla wenkonzo.
• Ukuchanabeka ngokubanzi kumanzi olwandle nangaphandle kolwandle: Zombini zinokufaneleka, kodwa i-UNS S32760 isoloko ichongwa kwiinkqubo ezifuna amandla elwandle, ezantsi kolwandle, nakwiinkqubo zokuqhuba xa kufuneka i-F55.

Yeyiphi inketho ekulula ukuyifumana nokuyichaza?

I-UNS S32750 isoloko ilula ukuyifumana kuba yenye yeendlela zentsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-super duplex ezaziwa kakhulu, edla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-2507 kunye ne-F53. I-UNS S32760 ikwafumaneka ngeendlela ezininzi zeemveliso zoshishino, kodwa yeyo ekhethekileyo ngakumbi, ngoko ke ixesha elifunekayo, umthombo wemveliso, isatifikethi, kunye noluhlu lwabavelisi abavunyiweyo zinokuba zizinto ezibaluleke ngakumbi. Ngokwembono yokufumana impahla, i-S32750 isoloko iphumelela ngenxa yokuba lula kwayo, ngelixa i-S32760 isoloko iphumelela xa iinkcukacha zeprojekthi sele zifuna impahla yohlobo lwe-F55/Zeron 100.

Xa uthelekisa unikezelo, sebenzisa uluhlu olufanayo lokujonga kuzo zombini iigradi:

1. Qinisekisa inombolo ye-UNS echanekileyo. Musa ukwamkela “super duplex” njengokuchazwa okugcweleyo kwezinto.
2. Yanisa umgangatho wemveliso. Iipayipi, iityhubhu, iipleyiti, iibha, izixhobo zokudibanisa, iiflangi, kunye nezinto ezibunjwe ngentsimbi zinokulawulwa ngemigangatho eyahlukeneyo.
3. Jonga ngenyameko izilinganiso zamagiredi. I-UNS S32750 idla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-F53 kunye ne-1.4410; i-UNS S32760 idla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-F55 kunye ne-1.4501.
4. Hlola izatifikethi. Funa inombolo yobushushu, isakhiwo seekhemikhali, iimpawu zoomatshini, iimeko zonyango lobushushu, kunye nayo nayiphi na uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lweprojekthi.
5. Qinisekisa iimfuno zenkonzo yokuthintela ukugqwala. Ukuba kusebenza imigaqo ye-NACE, eyenkonzo enetyuwa, yamanzi olwandle, okanye yezityalo zeekhemikhali, ukutshintshwa kufuna imvume yobunjineli.

I-Rolled Alloys idwelisa iinkcukacha ze-ASTM neze-ASME ze-ZERON 100, kuquka i-ASTM A182 iGrade F55 kunye nemigangatho eliqela eqhelekileyo yeemveliso ezibunjweyo.  I-Alleima idwelisa i-UNS S32750 njengefanelekileyo ukuze kuqhutyelwe imveliso ngokwe-ASTM A182 Grade F53 kumxholo wephepha layo leenkcukacha ze-billet.

Amandla oomatshini nokwenziwa kwempahla zifana kakhulu.

Zombini ezi klasi zikhethwa xa ukomelela kubalulekile. I-Super duplex stainless steel ngokubanzi inika ukomelela okuphezulu kuneentlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-austenitic stainless steel, nto leyo enokuxhasa iinxalenye ezibhityileyo, izixhobo ezilula, okanye imida emikhulu yoyilo xa imigaqo ivumela. Oko akuthethi ukuba nayiphi na iklasi ingatshintshiselana ngokuzenzekelayo, kuba iimpawu zemishini zixhomekeke kwimo yemveliso, ubukhulu, unyango lobushushu, umgangatho, kunye nesatifikethi somvelisi.

Ukwenziwa kwesinyithi nako kufuna ingqeqesho. I-Duplex stainless steel kufuneka idityaniswe kusetyenziswa ubushushu obulawulwayo, ubushushu phakathi kokudityaniswa, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuzalisa, kunye nokucocwa emva kokudityaniswa, ukuze ulungelelwaniso lwe-ferrite-austenite kunye nokuxhathisa ukugqwala kungonakali. I-Rolled Alloys ngokukodwa ithi i-ZERON 100 idityaniswa kusetyenziswa i-ZERON 100X njengentsimbi yokuzalisa, nto leyo ebonisa isizathu sokuba ukukhethwa kwentsimbi yokuzalisa kufanele kulandele umthengisi wezinto, inkqubo yokudibanisa, kunye neenkcukacha zeprojekthi kunokuba kulandwe indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ngentsimbi engatyiwayo.

Ukuthelekisa imveliso:

• Ukwakha: Zombini iigrades zinokubunjwa, kodwa amandla aphezulu athetha ukuba kufuneka amandla okubumba angaphezulu kunalawo ezi-grades zininzi ze-austenitic.
• Ukusila: Zombini zinokuqhwatywa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, isantya, iifidi, kunye nesicwangciso sokupholisa; ukuqina ngenxa yomsebenzi kunye nokuqina ngokubanzi kufuneka zilawulwe.
• Ukushinda: Zombini zifuna iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo ezenzelwe izixhobo ze-super duplex.
• Ukuchanabeka kubushushu: Ukuchanabeka ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokunciphisa ukuqina kwi-alloys ze-super duplex; I-Rolled Alloys ichaza ukuba i-ZERON 100 ayicebiswa ukuba ichanabeke ixesha elide ngaphezu kwe-600°F.

UNS32750 vs UNS32760 ngokusetyenziswa

Kwiiprojekthi zokwenene, isicelo siqhele ukugqiba ngeklasi ngokukhawuleza kunoluhlu lweekhemikhali. I-UNS S32750 isoloko ifanelekile xa iprojekthi idinga imathiriyeli eyomeleleyo, eyaziwayo ngokubanzi ye-super duplex yezinto ezingamanzi ezine-chloride, amacandelo aselwandle, izitshintshi-bushushu, izixhobo zokuqhuba inkqubo, okanye iinxalenye zentsimbi engatyiwayo ezinamandla aphezulu. Yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu ngokungagqibekanga phakathi kweendidi zentsimbi ye-super duplex xa imeko-bume inzima kodwa ingafuni ngokukodwa ikhemistri yomkoporo-tungsten ye-S32760.

I-UNS S32760 isoloko ifanelekile xa iinkcukacha zoyilo zifuna i-F55, ikhemistri yohlobo lwe-Zeron 100, okanye ukusebenza okuphuculweyo kwiimeko zenkqubo ezinobungozi. I-Rolled Alloys idwelisa iinkqubo ze-oyile negesi ze-ZERON 100 ezifana neenkqubo zokuqhuba umsebenzi, amanzi olwandle, amanzi okucima umlilo kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho engaphantsi kolwandle, kunye nee-risers, ii-manifolds, izikhongozeli zoxinzelelo, iivalvu, kunye nezitshintshi-bushushu. (Iirola ze-alloyLoo nkcazelo yesicelo ichaza isizathu sokuba i-S32760 ivele rhoqo kwiingxoxo ngeenkonzo zaselwandle nezekhemikhali.

Ukukhetha okusebenzayo ngokwendlela yokusetyenziswa:

• Imibhobho jikelele ye-super duplex: Qala nge-UNS S32750 ngaphandle kokuba iinkcukacha zeprojekthi okanye uphononongo lokugqwala zikhomba kwi-S32760.
• Iinkqubo zamanzi olwandle: Ziqwalasele zombini, uze uvavanye iqondo lobushushu, iikhlorayidi, umngcipheko wemikrozo, ukuhamba, kunye nemigangatho.
• Ukuqhutywa kweekhemikhali: Qwalasela i-UNS S32760 xa iiasidi ezingonakalisiyo okanye ii-alkalis ezinamandla ziyinxalenye yomsebenzi.
• I-oyile negesi: Landela iinkcukacha zeprojekthi, iimfuno ze-NACE/ISO apho zisebenzayo, kunye noluhlu lwabenzi abavunyiweyo.
• Iinxalenye zokutshintsha: Ngenisa umgangatho wokuqala we-UNS ngaphandle kokuba i-injiniyere ivume ukutshintshwa.

Isindululo sokugqibela

I-UNS S32750 ne-UNS S32760 zii-grades zentsimbi engatyiwayo ze-super duplex ezinxulumene kakhulu, kodwa aziyonto inye. I-UNS S32750 lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lwe-2507/F53 kwiimeko ezininzi ezifuna amandla aphezulu nokumelana ne-chloride. I-UNS S32760 luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-F55/Zeron 100 oluxutywe ngokukodwa, olwahlulwa ikakhulu ngokongezwa kwekoporo netungsten ezinokuba negalelo kwiimeko eziyingozi zeekhemikhali, iialkali, amanzi olwandle, nakwiindawo ezikunxweme.

Ukuba umzobo wakho, ikhowudi, okanye i-odolo yokuthenga ithi UNS S32750, uthenge i-S32750 eqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba kuthi UNS S32760, uthenge i-S32760 eqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba uxwebhu luthetha nje “super duplex stainless steel,” qinisekisa inombolo ye-UNS efunekayo, umgangatho wemveliso, imeko yokugqwala, kunye neemfuno zokutshisa phambi kokuba u-odole. Eli nyathelo lincinci lithintela eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo xa kuthelekiswa. uns32750 vs uns32760: ukuphatha iigradi ezimbini zentsimbi ye-duplex ezikumgangatho ophezulu njengezinokutshintshiselana ngokuzenzekelayo xa iimeko zenkonzo zinokuchaza okunye.