Itshathi yobungakanani beetiyubhu: Isikhokelo esibanzi

Itshathi yobungakanani beetiyubhu ikunceda ukuba uthelekise i-diameter, ubukhulu bodonga, ubude, kunye nokungena kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetiyubhu. Ngenxa yokuba “ubungakanani beetyubhu” bunokuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo kwi-plumbing, kwi-fabrication, kwi-geometry yebhayisekile ye-BMX, nakwizixhobo zendlela yomoya zezilwanyana, eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukufunda itshathi nganye ngokwemicimbi yayo endaweni yokucinga ukuba inkqubo enye yokulinganisa isebenza kuyo yonke indawo. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela yokuqonda itshathi yobungakanani bepayipi, into ekufuneka ilinganiswe, kunye nokuba iintlobo ezixhaphakileyo zeetshathi zahluka phi.

Itshathi yobungakanani bemibhobho ibonisa ntoni kanye kanye?

Ityhubhu Itshathi yobungakanani ibonisa imilinganiselo egqiba ukuba ityhubhu ingangena, ihambe kakuhle, ixhase ubunzima, okanye isebenze ngokukhuselekileyo kusetyenziso lwayo olucetyiweyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amanani aphambili zi-diameter yangaphandle, i-diameter yangaphakathi, ubukhulu bodonga, kunye nobude, kodwa amanye amashishini asebenzisa iindlela zokubiza ezikhethekileyo ezingahambelaniyo nobungakanani obuchanekileyo betyhubhu.

Yiyo loo nto itshati yobubanzi beetubhu iluncedo kuphela xa usazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwetubhu osebenza nalo. Itshati yeetubhu zokwenziwa kwentsimbi isenokugxila kububanzi bangaphandle nakubukhulu bodonga. Umbhobho Ubungakanani itshathi isenokusebenzisa ubungakanani bemibhobho obusetiweyo, obunokwahluka kwidayamitha yokwenene elinganisiweyo. I-tube ephezulu ye-BMX Itshathi yobungakanani Ijolise ekungqinelweni komkhweli, hayi ekuhambeni kokululayo okanye kubukhulu bodonga.

Imbonakalo esondeleyo yeecalipers ezilinganisa ububanzi bombhobho wentsimbi ongqukuva.

Imilinganiselo yombhobho ongundoqo ukuze kuqondwe

Phambi kokuba usebenzise nayiphi na itshathi yobukhulu bemibhobho, chonga ukuba luluphi ubukhulu obona bubalulekileyo kwiprojekthi yakho. Umbhobho unokubonakala ulungile kodwa usenokungalungeli ukuba isithuba sangaphakathi, amandla odonga, okanye ubude awuhambelani nokusetyenziswa kwawo.

Imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo iquka:

1. Ububanzi bangaphandle Ububanzi obupheleleyo ngaphandle kwetiyubhu. Oku kudla ngokuba lolona lulinganiso lubalulekileyo kwiiklami, iifreyim, iislevi, kunye nezixhobo ezijikeleza itiyubhu.
2. Idhayamitha yangaphakathi Indawo evulekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-tube. Oku kubalulekile ekuhambeni komoya, ekuhambeni kwezinto ezingamanzi, ekulungiseleleni iintambo, nakuyo nayiphi na into ekufuneka idlule kwi-tube.
3. Ubukhulu bodonga Ubukhulu bempahla yetyhubhu. Udonga olubhityileyo lunokuphucula amandla kodwa lunciphisa i-diameter yangaphakathi xa i-diameter yangaphandle ihleli iyiyo.
4. Ubude Ubude bethumbu lilonke. Kwezinye iimeko, ezifana nobungakanani be-BMX okanye iitubhu ze-endotracheal zikagqirha wezilwanyana, ubude bubaluleke ngokulinganayo ne-diameter.
5. Ubungakanani obusetiweyo Isayizi yorhwebo okanye ileyibhile enokungalingani nesayizi elinganisiweyo kanye. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa uthelekisa imibhobho enesayizi yorhwebo ethile. Ubungakanani bompayipi itshati.

Ubungakanani beetubhu nemibhobho azisoloko ziyafana.

I-Tubing idla ngokuchazwa ngobubanzi bangaphandle bokwenene kunye nobukhulu bodonga, ngelixa ipayipi idla ngokuchazwa ngobungakanani obusisiweyo bepayipi kunye neshedyuli. Lo mahluko udala ukubhideka kuba ipayipi “ye-intshi e-1” isenokungalingani kanye i-intshi enye ububanzi bayo bangaphandle okanye bangaphakathi.

Xa usebenzisa itshathi yobungakanani bemibhobho, jonga zombini ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo kunye nemilinganiselo yokwenene. Ishedyuli okanye udidi lodonga linokutshintsha i-diameter yangaphakathi, nokuba ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bombhobho busahleli bunjalo. Kwisetyenziso lwe-plumbing, ulimo, umoya oxineneyo, kunye nezinto zemizi-mveliso, umgangatho wezixhobo zokudibanisa ubaluleke njengomlinganiselo.

Kwiipayipi ngokubanzi, itshati isenokuba yeyona indlela ilula. Ungabona kubhalwe i-diameter yangaphandle kunye neenketho zokubukhulu bodonga, uze usebenzise ezo zibalo ukubala okanye ukuqinisekisa i-diameter yangaphakathi. Oku kuqhelekile kwiipayipi zentsimbi, iplastiki, irabha, nezezakhiwo.

Isakhelo seshishini secwecwe lobubanzi bemibhobho

Endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwitshathi enye esebenza kuyo yonke indawo, sebenzisa esi sikwangcuba ukulungelelanisa ulwazi oludingayo. Isebenza kwiintubo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, nokuba ujonga iinxalenye ezitshintshwayo, ucwangcisa ulwakhiwo, okanye uthelekisa izinto zokwakha.

Kwi-tube nganye, rekhoda:

• Izinto: intsimbi, ialuminiyam, ibhaka, i-PVC, isilicone, irabha, okanye enye into.
• Ububanzi bangaphandle: Kuyafuneka ukuze kulingane nokuhambelana kwangaphandle.
• Idhayamitha yangaphakathi: kufuneka ukuze kuhambe kakuhle, kube nendawo, okanye kwiinxalenye ezifakweyo.
• Ubukhulu bodonga: Kuyadingeka kumandla, uxinzelelo, ukuguquguquka, nokuqina.
• Ubude: kufuneka ukuze kufikelelwe, ngenxa yejometri, okanye ngenxa yendawo yokufakela.
• Isicelo: ukufakwa kwamapayipi amanzi, ukwakha isakhelo, ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango/kwezilwanyana, umsebenzi wokuzonwabisa, ezemoto, okanye ukusetyenziswa kushishino.
• Umgangatho okanye inkqubo: ipayipi yesibizo Ubungakanani, imibhobho ye-metric, imibhobho ye-imperial, ubungakanani obukhethekileyo bomvelisi, okanye ubungakanani obukhethekileyo.

Le ndlela ithintela impazamo eqhelekileyo: ukukhetha umbhobho ngokusekelwe kwinani elinye kuphela. Ukuba uyalinganisa i-diameter yangaphandle kodwa ungayihoyi i-diameter yangaphakathi, i-hose barb, i-cable, okanye iimfuno zokuhamba komoya zinokungaphumeleli. Ukuba uyalinganisa i-diameter yangaphakathi kodwa ungayihoyi ubukhulu bodonga, umbhobho usenokungangeni kwi-clamp yawo okanye ungakwazi ukuxhasa umthwalo olindelekileyo.

Uyikhetha njani isayizi yethumbu efanelekileyo?

Khetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo betyhubhu ngokuhambelanisa itshati nomsebenzi kuqala, uze uqinisekise imilinganiselo echaphazela ukulingana, ukusebenza, nokhuseleko. Umbhobho wefrim eyayina, umbhobho wamanzi, kunye nomgudu womoya wezilwanyana azinakukhethwa ngemigqaliselo efanayo, nokuba amanani obubanzi abonakala efana.

Sebenzisa olu luhlu lokujonga ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba u-odole, usike, okanye ufake imibhobho:

• Qinisekisa ukuba itshati isebenzisa idayamitha yangaphakathi, idayamitha yangaphandle, okanye ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo.
• Jonga ukuba umlinganiselo uy Imetric okanye i-Imperial.
• Lungelelanisa ityhubhu noko kulungileyo. Izinto zokwakha nomgangatho.
• Qinisekisa okufunekayo ubukhulu bodonga okanye ishedyuli.
• Cinga ukuba umbhobho kufuneka ukwazi ukumelana na. Uxinzelelo, umthwalo, intshukumo, ubushushu, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo.
• Jonga umenzi okanye ufumane ulwalathiso lobuchwepheshe lwezicelo ezikhethekileyo.
• Xa kuziwa kukhuseleko, musa ukuqikelela ngokwenkangeleko kuphela.

Ukulinganisa ityhubhu ye-endotracheal yejikelele kufuna ingqikelelo yobuchwepheshe.

Itshathi yobungakanani beetiyubhu ze-endotracheal zezinja, maxa wambi ikhangwa njengetshathi yobungakanani be-et tube zezinja, isetyenziswa kwiindawo zonyango lwezilwanyana ukunceda ukuqikelela ubungakanani betiyubhu yomoya. Oku kusetyenziso lwezonyango, ngoko ke iitshathi akufuneki zithathe indawo yoqeqesho lonyango lwezilwanyana, uvavanyo lwesigulana, okanye ingqikelelo yobungcali.

Kwiizinja, ukukhetha ityhubhu kunokuxhomekeka kuhlu lwezinja, ubungakanani bomzimba, isakhiwo sendlela yomoya, uhlobo lwenkqubo, kunye nemeko yesigulana. Iitshathi zingabonelela ngendawo yokuqalela jikelele, kodwa iqela loogqirha bezilwanyana kufuneka liqinisekise ukungena kakuhle nokubekwa kwayo kusetyenziswa iindlela zekliniki ezifanelekileyo. Ukukhetha ityhubhu ye-endotracheal enkulu kakhulu okanye encinci kakhulu kunokudala iingxaki ezinzulu kwindlela yomoya nakwindlela yokungenisa umoya.

Kwizinto ezifundisayo, kukhuselekile ukuchaza iitshathi zeetiyubhu ze-ET zezinja njengezixhobo zereferensi, kunokuba zibe yimiyalelo yokuzisebenzisela. Abanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya akufuneki bazame ukukhetha okanye ukubeka izixhobo zendlela yomoya. Iingcali zezilwanyana kufuneka zixhomekeke kuqeqesho lwazo, kwimiqathango yekliniki, nakwizikhokelo zangoku zezixhobo.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kwitshathi yethumbu

Iingxaki ezininzi zobungakanani zenzeka kuba itshathi ichanekile, kodwa umfundi uyisebenzisela inkqubo engeyiyo. Itshathi yobungakanani beetiyubhu zesakhiwo ayinakutshintshiselana neshathi yobungakanani bemibhobho, kwaye akufanelanga ukuba zombini zisetyenziselwe ukulingana kwesakhelo se-BMX okanye izixhobo zomoya zonyango lwezilwanyana.

Ziphephe ezi mpazamo:

• Ukuphatha ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bompompo njengobubanzi obuchanekileyo bomzimba.
• Ukudibanisa imilinganiselo ye-metric neye-imperial ngaphandle kokuguqula.
• Ukungahoyi ubukhulu bodonga.
• Kuthathwa ngokuba i-diameter yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ziyafanelana.
• Ukusebenzisa ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bocwecwe lwepayipi kwimveliso ekhethekileyo.
• Ukukhohlela ukuba izixhobo zokudibanisa, izibambi, iisleeve, kunye nezidibanisi zinokuba nemida yazo yokunyamezela.
• Ukukhetha ngokusekelwe kwidayamitha kuphela xa nobude, imathiriyeli, okanye ukuguquguquka nako kubalulekile.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokufunda nayiphi na itshathi yethumbu.

Qala ngokusetyenziswa, uze usebenze umva usiya kwinkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukuba ufuna ukuhamba kakuhle kwefluidi, ububanzi bangaphakathi kunye nokuhambelana koxinzelelo ziba zezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Ukuba ufuna inkxaso yesakhiwo, ububanzi bangaphandle, ubukhulu bodonga, imathiriyeli, kunye neemeko zomthwalo ziba zizinto ezibaluleke ngakumbi.

Kwiinxalenye ezitshintshwayo, lela ityhubhu ekhoyo ngeekalipha xa kunokwenzeka uze uyithelekise netshati. Kwiidizayini ezintsha, jonga umbhobho kunye nayo yonke inxalenye edibana nayo. Ukuba umbhobho uyinxalenye yenkqubo elawulwayo, yezonyango, yezilwanyana, enoxinzelelo, okanye ethwala umthwalo, sebenzisa itshati njengereferensi kwaye uqinisekise ukhetho lokugqibela ngengcali efanelekileyo okanye ngamaxwebhu omvelisi.

Iingongoma eziphambili

Itshathi yobungakanani beetiyubhu iluncedo kakhulu xa usazi ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo kanye eboniswayo yiyo. Idatha yetshathi yobubanzi bemibhobho idla ngokugxila kwimilinganiselo yokwenene, ngelixa itshathi yobungakanani bemibhobho isenokuxhomekeka kwiileyibhile ezibizwayo nakwizicwangciso. Iitshathi ezikhethekileyo, ezifana netshathi yobungakanani be-top tube ye-bmx okanye itshathi yobungakanani be-dog endotracheal tube, zineenjongo ezahluke kakhulu kwaye kufuneka zifundwe kwicandelo lazo.

Owona mlinganiselo ubalaseleyo awusoloko usekelwe kwinani elinye. Linganisa ipayipi nomsebenzi oza kusetyenziselwa wona, qinisekisa inkqubo yokulinganisa, jonga imilinganiselo yangaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye uqwalasele ubukhulu bodonga, imathiriyeli, ubude, kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko. Xa umsebenzi oza kusetyenziselwa wona ukhethekile okanye unomngcipheko omkhulu, sebenzisa itshathi njengesikhokelo—hayi njengowona mthetho wokugqibela.