Ukuthelekisa iiFlanges zeWeld Neck nezeSlip-On

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-weld neck flange ne-slip-on flange kuyachaphazela ixesha lokufaka, iimfuno zokutshisa, ukuthembeka kwixesha elide, kunye nendlela unxibelelwano lwemibhobho olumelana ngayo noxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nokushukuma. Zombini ziiflange zemibhobho eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemizi-mveliso, kodwa zakhelwe iimeko zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela eyakha isebenza ngayo idizayini nganye, yeyiphi imilinganiselo yeflange ebalulekileyo, kunye nendlela yokuthelekisa iiflange zentamo ekhanywayo (weld neck flange) nee-slip-on kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa eziphathekayo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-weld neck flange ne-slip-on flange?

I-flange yentamo edityaniswe ngokuwelda inenkalana ende ebhityileyo edityaniswa ngokuwelda ngqo kwipayipi, nto leyo eyenza utshintsho olugudileyo ukusuka kwipayipi ukuya kwi-flange kwaye incede ekusasazeni uxinzelelo kulo lonke udibaniso. I-flange yohlobo lwe-slip-on itslitshwa ngaphandle kwepayipi kwaye idla ngokushicilelwa ngomgca (fillet-welded) kwihabhu nasempandeni yepayipi ngaphakathi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyifaka kwaye kudla ngokukhawuleza ukuyifaka. Ngamafutshane, Iiflangi zomqala ezitywiniweyo ziqhele ukukhethwa kwiinkonzo ezifuna umgudu ongaphezulu, ngelixa iiflanges ze-slip-on zisoloko zikhethwa apho ukulula kokulungelelanisa nokusebenza kakuhle kofakelo kuyeyona nto iphambili.

Loo mahluko wejiyometri ngowona unegalelo elikhulu kulo mthelekiso. Uyilo lwe-weld neck luyadityaniswa ngakumbi nodonga lwepayipi, nto leyo enokuyenza ilungele iinkqubo apho uxinzelelo, utshintsho lobushushu, ukungcangcazela, okanye imithwalo ye-mekhaniki ziyinkxalabo. Uyilo lwe-slip-on aluyinkimbinkimbi kangako kwaye kulula ukulubeka phambi kokuncamathisela, kodwa alunikezeli ngokuqiniswa okufanayo okucutheke ngokuthe nkqo okanye utshintsho oluncamathiselweyo ngokupheleleyo.

Umzobo weflange yokuncamathisela ngokuwelda kunye neyokutyibilikisa, zibekwe ecaleni kwenye

Iiflanges zenza iindawo zokufaka izibholiti kwiinkqubo zemibhobho.

Iiflanges zemizi-mveliso zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ipayipi kwipayipi, ipayipi kwiivalvu, ipayipi kwizixhobo, kunye nepayipi kwizixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezihluzo, iimitha, okanye imidibaniso yokwandisa. Ngokungafaniyo nomdibaniso oqhotyoshelweyo waphakade, a Umdibaniso oneflangi inokudityaniswa kwakhona xa kufuneka ulungiso, uhlolo, ukucocwa, okanye ukutshintshwa. Oko kulula ukuyilungisa sesinye sezizathu zokuba iintlobo zeflange zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwi Imibhobho yenkqubo, iinkqubo zamanzi, izibonelelo ze-oyile negesi, izikhululo zombane, iinkonzo zeekhemikhali, kunye nolwakhiwo jikelele lwezoshishino.

Uqhagamshelwano oluqhelekileyo lweflange lubandakanya iiflange ezimbini ezifanayo, igeyisekthi, iibholiti okanye izitudu, iinati, kunye nenkqubo elawulwayo yokuqinisa. Igeyisekthi ivala phakathi kobuso beflange, ngelixa ukuqinisa ngeebholiti kudala umthwalo wokucinezela ofunekayo ukugcina eso sivali. Ngenxa yokuba onke la malungu asebenza kunye, ukukhetha iflange akufanelanga kusekelwe kwisitayile seflange sodwa. Izinto zokwakha, udidi loxinzelelo, uhlobo lobuso, ukungqinelana kwegasketi, ipateni yebhothi, ubungakanani bomngxuma, kunye nemigangatho yeprojekthi zonke zibalulekile.

Iziseko zeflange yentamo ekhandiweyo

I-flange yentamo edityaniswayo ngokuncanyathiselwa iyaziwa ngentamo yayo enyulukileyo okanye umbindi. Isiphelo sepayipi sinqunyulwe ngokwe-bevel kwaye sincanyathiselwe ngokupheleleyo kwintamo ye-flange, nto leyo eyenza udibaniso olungena ngokupheleleyo xa kuyalelwe kwaye kwenziwa ngokwesigqibo esisebenzayo. Olu yilo lunceda ekudaleni indlela ethambileyo yoxinzelelo endaweni yokugxininisa umthwalo ngesiquphe kumzimba we-flange.

Ihabhu yeyona nto iphambili eyahlula le flange kuyilo olulula. Kwiinkqubo ezifuna amandla aphezulu, loo hub inganceda umqhaphu ukuba ukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo, amandla okugoba, utshintsho lobushushu, kunye nokungcangcazela ngcono kunesakhiwo seflange esicaba okanye esifinyeziweyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-weld neck flange idla ngokunxulunyaniswa nemibhobho ebalulekileyo, imibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, iinkonzo zobushushu obuphezulu, izinto eziyingozi, okanye kwiindawo apho ukusilela kungabiza kakhulu.

Intsimbi yekhabhoni Iflange yokukhandela intamo Kukhetho oluxhaphakileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemibhobho yoshishino apho kusetyenziswa nemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni. Olona ncedo kukuba iyahambelana nezinto eziqhelekileyo zemibhobho kunye neendlela zokushwabana, kodwa ukhetho lokugqibela lusekwe kwisidimbu, ubushushu, umlinganiselo wokuthintela ukurusa, ubukhulu bodonga, iimfuno zokugquma, kunye nemigangatho elawulayo.

Iziseko zeflange yokutyibiliza

I-slip-on flange yenzelwe umngxuma omkhulu kancinci kunoqweqwe olungaphandle lwepayipi, nto leyo evumela ipayipi ukuba ingene kwi-flange phambi kokuba kusiwe. Abafakeli banokulungisa indawo ye-flange ngokulula ngakumbi ngexesha lokulungiselela, nto leyo enokuba luncedo xa kulungelelaniswa imingxuma yebhola, kulungiswa iingxaki ezincinci zoyilo, okanye kusetyenzwa kwiindlela zeepayipi ezingaxakekanga kangako. I-flange ke itshixwa ngeewelds zokufillet, ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo yembombo engaphandle nakwindawo yokudibanisa engaphakathi.

Inzuzo yokusebenzisa iflange yohlobo lwe-slip-on icacile: kulula ukuyiphatha, ukuyilungelelanisa, nokuyishwabana. Kwiinkonzo ezingafuneki mandla makhulu, kwimibhobho yezinto eziluncedo, nakusetyenziso lwezoshishino ngokubanzi, obo buncinci bokusebenzisa bunokwenza olu hlobo lube nomtsalane. Ikwanokunciphisa ubunzima bokudibanisa apho umqala oshwabaniswe ngokutsalana (butt-welded neck) ungasifuneki ngokwoyilo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukufakwa okulula akuthethi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lwexesha elide. I-slip-on flange ibangela indlela eyahlukileyo yokusebenza koxinzelelo kuba ipayipi ayidibaniswanga ngokuncanyathiselwa (butt-welded) kunyeko olubhityileyo. Kwiinkqubo ezinamthwalo omkhulu, ukungcangcazela okukhulu, utshintsho olubangelwa bubushushu oluphindaphindiweyo, okanye iimfuno zokuhlolwa ezingqongqo, injineli yoyilo isenokukhetha i-weld neck flange.

Imilinganiselo yeflange ebalulekileyo kuzo zombini iidizayini.

Imilinganiselo yeflange ayingezizo nje iinkcukacha zekhathalogu. Ziyagqiba ukuba ingaba iflange iyalingana na nepayipi, iyahambelana na neflange echaseneyo, yamkela igasketi efanelekileyo, kwaye inikezela ngokusebenza kokuvala okucetyiweyo. Nokungangqinelani okuncinci kunokubangela ukulibaziseka emsebenzini, umngcipheko wokuvuza, okanye ukuphinda umsebenzi.

Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye neenkcukacha zokulingana ziquka:

1. Isibizwana Ubungakanani bompayipi I-flange kufuneka ingqamane nobungakanani bemibhobho kunye nenxalenye edityanisiweyo. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo abusoloko bulingana nobubanzi obulinganisiweyo bangaphandle, ngoko ke ukukhetha kufuneka kulandele umgangatho ofanelekileyo okanye iinkcukacha zeprojekthi.
2. Uklasi lwengcinezelo okanye isilinganiso Iklasi ichaphazela ubukhulu, ipateni yebhothi, kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kwi-pressure-temperature. I-flange akufuneki ikhethwe ngobukhulu bayo kuphela.
3. Ububanzi bomngxuma Ububanzi bangaphakathi kufuneka buhambelane neshedyuli yepayipi okanye iimfuno zokomelela kodonga. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwi-flange yentamo eweldeweyo kuba utshintsho lobubanzi bangaphakathi kufuneka luhambelane ne-diameter yangaphakathi yepayipi.
4. Ububanzi bangaphandle nobukhulu La mlinganiselo achaphazela amandla, isithuba, ubunzima, kunye nokuhambelana nezixhobo okanye iinkxaso ezikufutshane.
5. Isangqa sebhothi nemingxuma yebhothi Iipateni zebhothi ezifanayo zibalulekile. Ukuba isangqa sebhothi, ubungakanani bembobo, okanye inani leembobo ziyahluka, iiflanges aziyi kudityaniswa ngokuchanekileyo.
6. Uhlobo lobuso kunye nobuso begasketi Ubuso obuphakanyisiweyo, ubuso obusicaba, nezinye iindlela zokujongana kufuneka zihambelane negasket kunye neflange edityanayo. Ukuphelelwa komphezulu kunokuchazwa kananjalo ukuze kubekho ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvala.
7. Imilinganiselo yomtshina Kwi-flange yentamo edityaniswayo ngokuwelda, ubude be-hub nokuncipha kwayo ngokweqonga zizinto eziphambili kuyilo. Kwi-flange etyhityozwayo, imilo ye-hub isenempembelelo ekufikeleleni ekuwelda nasemandleni okudibanisa.

Uthelekiso lwempumelelo phakathi kweflange yokuqhobosha intamo neyokutyibiliza

Xa kuthelekiswa i-weld neck flange ne-slip-on, eyona mpendulo ilungileyo ixhomekeke kwiimeko zokusebenza zenkqubo kunokuba ibe ngumgaqo omnye osisigxina. I-weld neck flange idla ngokunika unxibelelwano olomeleleyo nolungagqokekiyo kwipayipi, ngelixa i-slip-on flange idla ngokuba lula ukuyifaka nokuyilungelelanisa. Nganye inokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo xa isetyenziswe kwimeko efanelekileyo.

Amandla nokusasazwa koxinzelelo

I-flange yentamo edityanisiweyo inenzuzo xa ukwabiwa koxinzelelo kuyinkxalabo enkulu. Isiseko sayo esicudisiweyo sinceda ukudlulisa umthwalo phakathi kwepayipi ne-flange ngokuthe ngcembe. Oku kunokuba luncedo kwiinkqubo ezichanabekileyo ekunyukeni koxinzelelo, ekutshintsheni kweqondo lobushushu, ekungcangcazeleni, okanye kwimithwalo yangaphandle evela kwizixhobo ezidityanisiweyo.

I-flange etyityimbayo ixhomekeke kwi-fillet welds kwaye ayinayo i-neck transition efanayo ye-butt-welded. Kwisetyenziso esingekho nzima kangako, oko kunokwamkeleka. Kwisetyenziso esibaluleke kakhulu, iqela loyilo kufuneka lihlole ukuba olu qhagamshelwano lunika ubuqiniso obaneleyo bokomatshini na.

Ufakelo nokulungelelaniswa

I-flange etyibilikayo isoloko ilula ukuyibeka kuba ityibilika phezu kwepayipi. Abafakeli bayakwazi ukuyijikelezisa ukuze bahlanganise imingxuma yamabhola phambi kokuba badibanise ngentsimbi, nto leyo enokwenza ukwenziwa kwayo kube lula. Olu ncedo lunokuba lubalulekile xa kufakwa amazibophelelo amaninzi e-flange okanye xa umbhobho ungasetyenziselwa imisebenzi enzima.

I-flange yentamo edityanisiweyo ifuna amalungiselelo epayipi nokufakwa okuchaneke ngakumbi. Isiphelo sepayipi nentamo ye-flange kufuneka zilungelelaniswe kakuhle ukuze Ukudibanisa ngokuncamathisela, kwaye umgangatho wokutsala ubaluleke ngakumbi kumdibaniso ogqityiweyo. Iinzame ezongezelelweyo zinokuthetheleleka xa iimfuno zenkonzo ziphezulu.

Iziphumo zokuhlolwa nolondolozo

Iimfuno zokuhlolwa zixhomekeke kwiprojekthi, kwikhowudi, nakwinkonzo. Iiflange zentamo ezitywiniweyo zinokukhethwa apho Ukudibanisa ngokuncamathisela Ukuphicothwa kuyafuneka okanye apho ulwakhiwo lokudibanisa luhambelana neenkqubo ezimiselweyo zomgangatho. Iiflange ezityityimbayo zinokuquka iindlela zokuphicotha ukudibanisa okufakelweyo ezifanelekileyo kwiinkonzo ezininzi ezingabalulekanga kakhulu.

Abasebenzi bokulungisa badla ngokukhathalela ukuvalwa okuthembekileyo, ukufikeleleka kweebholiti, kunye nokutshintshwa kwegasket okunokuphindaphindwa. Zombini iintlobo zeflange zinokuxhasa amadlondlo okulula ukulungiswa xa zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo. Iingxaki zidla ngokuvela xa uhlobo lweflange, igasket, iibholiti, okanye indlela yokuqinisa zingahambelani nomsebenzi.

Uyikhetha njani iintlobo zeflange ezifanelekileyo?

Khetha uhlobo lweflange ngokuhambelanisa uyilo noxinzelelo, ubushushu, ingozi yento ephathwayo, imathiriyeli yepayipi, iimfuno zokuhlolwa, iimeko zofakelo, kunye nokulindelweyo kolondolozo. I-weld neck flange isoloko ilukhetho olukhuselekileyo ngakumbi kwiinkonzo ezifuna umgudu, ngelixa i-slip-on flange isenokufaneleka kwiinkqubo ezinomngcipheko ophantsi apho isantya nobulula bokuyifaka kubalulekile. Isigqibo sokugqibela kufuneka silandele ikhowudi elawulayo yemibhobho, iinkcukacha zeprojekthi, kunye nophononongo lobunjineli.

Sebenzisa olu luhlu lokujonga olusebenzisekayo phambi kokuba ukhethe phakathi kwe-slip on flange ne-weld neck flange:

• Chaza iimeko zenkonzo: Chonga uxinzelelo olusebenzayo, ubushushu, ukuphindaphinda kokuvula nokuvala, uhlobo lokulayita, kunye nokuba inkonzo iyingozi, iyabola, okanye kunzima ukuyivala.
• Qinisekisa iinkcukacha zepayipi: Linganisa umgangatho wempahla, ubukhulu bodonga, ishedyuli, kunye neemfuno zokuthintela ukugqwala.
• Phonononga umgangatho ofanelekileyo: Sebenzisa okucacisiweyo iflensi umgangatho wemilinganiselo, udidi loxinzelelo, ubuso, imida yokunyanyuka, kunye neemfuno zokuphawula.
• Zijongile iinxalenye: Qinisekisa iivalvu, iinozili zezixhobo, iigaskets, kunye nezo zikhoyo Iiflange zemibhobho Sebenzisa imilinganiselo neentlobo zobuso ezihambelanayo.
• Vavanya amandla okwenza Qwalasela ukuba iqela lasevenkileni okanye lasentsimini lilungele na ukushwabana kweziphelo, ukushwabana kwefillet, uhlolo, kunye nayo nayiphi na imfuneko yokunyangwa ngobushushu.
• Cwangcisa ukufikelela kulungiso: Qinisekisa ukuba iibholiti ziyakhutshwa, iigaskets ziyatshintshwa, kwaye indawo yeflange iyalungiseka.
• Phepha ukuxuba iingqikelelo: Musa ukuqikelela ukuba iiflangi ezimbini ziyafana kuba zinobungakanani obufanayo obuqhelekileyo. Qinisekisa iklasi, ubuso, umngxuma, ipateni yebhola, kunye nezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Iipateni zokusetyenziswa eziqhelekileyo

Iiflanges zentamo ezitywiniweyo zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nemibhobho yenkqubo, imibhobho enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uqhagamshelwano lwezixhobo ezijikelezayo, nezinye iindawo apho ukuguga nokumelana nokuxinezeleka kubalulekile. Zikwaluncedo xa uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwemibhobho neeflanges kufuneka luthathwe njengenxalenye yenkqubo yemibhobho etywiniweyo engqongqo ngakumbi.

Iiflange ezityityimbayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkonzo jikelele, kwiimibhobho yenkxaso yeenkqubo ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwiinkqubo zamanzi, nakwiindibano ezenziweyo apho ukufakwa okulula kubalulekile. Isakhono sazo sokutyityimba zingene endaweni esifanelekileyo sinokuzenza zibe luncedo kwiiplanga zokwakha ezifuna ulungiso olulula phambi kokuncanyathiselwa kokugqibela.

La mizekelo ayithathi ndawo yengqikelelo yobunjineli. I-flange etyibilikayo isenokungafaneleki kwisikhululo esinye kodwa yamkeleke kwesinye kuba iimeko zokusebenza, imigangatho, isicwangciso sokuhlola, kunye nokunyamezela umngcipheko zohlukile. Ngokufanayo, i-flange yentamo ewelde isenokuba yomelele ngaphezu kokufunekayo kumtya olula ongemfuno ingako.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto nokuhambelana kwazo

Imathiriyeli yeflange kufuneka ihambelane nepayipi, ulwelo olusetyenziswayo, indalo engqongileyo, kunye nenkqubo yoku-welda. I-Carbon steel isetyenziswa kakhulu, kuquka nakwizicelo ze-carbon steel weld neck flange, kodwa ayithethi ukuba ilungele yonke inkonzo. I-Stainless steel, i-alloy steel, i-low-temperature carbon steel, kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha zinokufuneka kuxhomekeke kwimfuno zokungatyiwa, ubushushu, ukomelela, okanye ucoceko.

Ukuhambelana kwezinto zokwakha kukwathinta ukukhethwa kwegasket kunye neebholiti. Uqhagamshelwano lweflange luthembekile kuphela xa yonke indibano ithe tye. Ukuba umzimba weflange, izibopheleli, igasket, kunye nepayipi azikhethwanga kunye, indibaniselwano isenokungavali kakuhle okanye yonakale ngokukhawuleza kunokuba bekulindelekile.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuchaza iiflanges zemibhobho

Imigqaliselo efanelekileyo yeflange inciphisa iingxaki kwindawo yomsebenzi. Endaweni yoku-odola ngokufingqa, faka ulwazi olwaneleyo ukuze umthengisi, umenzi, kunye nomfakeli bakwazi ukuchonga icandelo elichanekileyo.

Ingcaciso ecacileyo ye-flange idla ngokuba nezinto ezilandelayo:

• Uhlobo lweflange, olufana neflange yentamo eweldeka okanye i-slip-on flange.
• Ubungakanani bemibhobho obusemthethweni
• Uklasi lwengcinezelo okanye isilinganiso
• Iklasi yezinto okanye iinkcukacha
• Ukujongana nohlobo
• Imfuneko yecebo lomngxuma okanye lombhobho
• Umgangatho osebenzayo
• Naziphi na iimfuno ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokugqunywa, nokuvavanywa, nokuphawulwa, okanye ukuhlohwa.

Kukrelekrele kananjalo ukuqinisekisa imilinganiselo yeflange phambi kokuba ukuveliswa kuqale. Imizobo, amaphepha edatha, kunye neenkcazelo zokuthenga kufuneka zihambelane nomzobo wepayipi we-isometric kunye nezixhobo ezidibanayo. Ukufumanisa ukungangqinelani kwangethuba kubiza kancinci kakhulu kunokukufumanisa emva koku-welda okanye ngexesha lofakelo.

Isifundo esisebenzisekayo

Uthelekiso phakathi kwee-flange ze-weld neck nee-slip-on luxhomekeke kubunzima benkonzo, iimfuno zofakelo, kunye nomgangatho wokomelela kolu qhagamshelwano olufunekayo. I-flange ye-weld neck ibonelela ngotshintsho oluqinisiweyo olu-butt-welded olulungele iinkqubo zemizi-mveliso ezifuna kakhulu. I-flange ye-slip-on yona inikezela ngokufakwa okulula kwaye inokuba lukhetho olusebenzayo kwinkonzo engekho nzima kangako.

Kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi ebandakanya iiflanges zoshishino, yithathe iflanges njengenxalenye yomdibaniso opheleleyo ogcina uxinzelelo kunokuba uyithathe njengenxalenye ezimeleyo. Qinisekisa imilinganiselo yeflange, ukungqinelana kwezinto zokwakha, udidi loxinzelelo, ubuso, ukukhethwa kwegasketi, kunye neemfuno zokutshisa ngomlilo phambi kokuba u-odole okanye ufake. Xa isicelo sibaluleke kakhulu, eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukulandela iinkcukacha zeprojekthi kwaye ubandakanye abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo kubunjineli, ekwenzeni izinto, nasekuhloleni phambi kokuba wenze ukhetho lokugqibela.