Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zokusebenza zepayipi ye-2507 engagqwali engenamthungo

Ipayipi ye-2507 yentsimbi engatyiwayo engenamthungo yintsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-ferritic-austenitic (duplex) enomxube weekhemikhali (25Cr-7Ni-4Mo-0.27N). Le nsimbi i-2507 inokumelana okugqwesileyo nokugqwala okwenzeka kwiindawo ezithile, nokugqwala okwenzeka kwiimfantu, kunye nokugqwala okulinganayo. ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engamthungo engu-2507 yintsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-ferritic-austenitic (duplex), edibanisa ezona mpawu ziluncedo zeentsimbi ezininzi ze-ferritic neze-austenitic. Ngenxa yokuba inokomele okuninzi kwe-chromium ne-molybdenum, inokuchasa okugqwesileyo ukugqwala okwamabala, ukugqwala okwamacandelo, kunye nokugqwala okulinganayo. Ulwakhiwo lwayo oluncinci oluyi-duplex luqinisekisa ukuba intsimbi inokumelana okugqwesileyo nokuqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo nentshabalalo, kunye namandla aphezulu oomatshini.

Iindlela eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-2507 ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engenamthungo: 2507 intsimbi engatyiwayo isetyenziswa kushishino lwe-oyile negesi yendalo; Iqonga le-oyile elikumgama eliqhekeza amatye (ipayipi yokutshintshisana ngobushushu, inkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi nokunikezelwa kwawo, inkqubo yokukhusela umlilo, inkqubo yokutshiza amanzi, inkqubo yokuzinza kwamanzi; izixhobo ze-petrochemical; izixhobo zokukhupha ityuwa (i-desalination) (kunye nepayipi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu nepayipi yamanzi olwandle kwezi zixhobo); Kufuneka iinxalenye zoomatshini nezakhiwo ezinamandla aphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu; Izixhobo zokucoca igesi (eyinqabileyo).

ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engamthungo engu-2507 Umxube ophambili: 25Cr-7Ni-4Mo-0.27N

Uthelekiso lwemigangatho yesizwe yepayipi engatyiwayo engacudiswanga yohlobo lwe-2507:

ASTM/ASME: A240 – UNS S32750

EURONORM: 1.4410 – X2 Cr Ni MoN 25.7.4

AFNOR: Z3 CN 25.06 Az

DIN/EN: 1.4410、ASME SA-240

GB: 25Cr-7Ni-4Mo-0.27N

Ukumelana nokugqwala

1. Ukugqwala ngokubanzi:

Umxholo ophezulu we-chromium ne-molybdenum kwi-SAF 2507 wenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana kakhulu nokugqwetheka ngokubanzi kwii-asidi eziyiorganic ezifana ne-asidi ye-formic neye-acetic. I-alloy i-SAF2507 ikwanokumelana kakhulu nokugqwetheka kwii-asidi ezingeyiyo-organic, ingakumbi ezo zinee-chlorides.

Xa ithelekiswa ne-904L, i-SAF2507 inokumelana nokugqwetheka ngcono kwi-asidi yesulfuric etyhaphileyo edityaniswe nee-ions zechloride. I-904L yintlobo yentsimbi ye-austenitic eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukumelana nokugqwetheka kwi-asidi yesulfuric ecocekileyo.

Iklasi engu-316L ayinakusetyenziswa kwimeko ye-asidi ye-hydrochloric, inokubola kwindawo ethile okanye ibole ngokupheleleyo. I-SAF2507 ingasetyenziswa kwimeko ye-asidi ye-hydrochloric ecoliweyo, inokumelana kakhulu nomonakalo ongama-spot nokubola okwenza uqhekeko.

2. Ukugqwala phakathi kwamagwebu:

Umxholo wekhabhoni ophantsi kwi-nSAF 2507 unciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokudibana kwekhabhayidi phakathi kweengqameko ngexesha lokunyangwa ngobushushu. Ngenxa yoko, eli nyithi linokumelana okomeleleyo nokugqwala phakathi kweengqameko okunxulumene nekhabhayidi.

3. Ukuqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo nentsholo:

Isakhiwo esidityanisiweyo se-SAF 2507 siyenza ukuba ikwazi ukumelana kakhulu nokuqhekeka okubangelwa kukuxinzelelo nomhlwa. Ngenxa yokuba inomxube ophezulu, ukumelana nomhlwa namandla e-SAF 2507 kungcono kune-2205.

Ukuqhekeka phantse akunakuphepheka kulwakhiwo nakwezinye iinkalo, nto leyo eyenza intsimbi engatyiwayo ibe sesichengeni ngakumbi sokugqwala kwimeko ene-chloride. I-SAF 2507 inamandla okuchasa ukugqwala okwimikrwelo. I-SAF 2507 inomgca wokugqwala olinganayo we-0.1 mm/unyaka kwi-asidi yesulfuric ene-2000 ppm ye-ions zechloride; Umgca wokugqwala olinganayo kwi-asidi ye-hydrochloric yi-0.1 mm/unyaka.

Iimpawu zoomatshini: I-SAF 2507 inamandla aphezulu okucudiseka, amandla okubethwa, i-coefficient ephantsi yokwandeka ngokushisa kunye nokuhambisa ubushushu okuphezulu. Ezi mpawu zisebenza kwiindawo ezininzi zesakhiwo nakwizixhobo zoomatshini. I-SAF 2507 inomthamo ophezulu wamandla omxhuzulane, kwaye akufuneki ibekwe kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu kwe-570 ° F ixesha elide, nto leyo enokuthi yinciphise ukuqina kwayo. Amandla okutsaleka: σ b≥730Mpa; Ukweluleka: δ≥ 20%

Izixhobo zokuxhasa ukuncamathisela: intambo yokuncamathisela i-ER2594, intonga yokuncamathisela i-E2594

Iinkalo zokusetyenziswa: ishishini lepulp nephepha, ukusululwa kwamanzi olwandle, ukucocwa kwegesi efudumeleyo, i-heat exchanger, inkqubo yemibhobho yetanki yeekhemikhali, inkqubo yamanzi olwandle, njl.

Iinkcukacha eziphambili zentsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507:

Iinkcukacha zeplanga yentsimbi engatyiwayo engu-1.2507: 0.3mm-350mm (ubukhulu)

Iinkcukacha zentsimbi engatyiwayo yebar engu-2.2507: 3.0mm-500mm (ububanzi)

Iinkcukacha zomthamo wocingo lwentsimbi engatyiwayo 3.2507: 0.1mm-20mm (ububanzi bocingo)

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze Intsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507:

C≤0.03 、Si≤0.80 、Mn≤1.2 、Cr:24-26 、Ni:6-8 、S≤0.02 、P≤0.035 、Mo:3-5 、N:0.24-0.32

Emva konyango olufanelekileyo lwesisombululo, isakhiwo esincinci se- ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engamthungo engu-2507 sisakhiwo se-α/γ Biphasic esiphantse sibe yeyona ilungileyo esinomlinganiselo ongange 50/50. Xa iqondo lobushushu lomxube oqinileyo lingaphezulu kwe-1050 ℃, inani lezigaba zeferrite kwithusi liyanda ngokunyuka kobushushu, kodwa ngenxa yokuqulatha okukhulu kwe-nitrogen, isabelo sezigaba zeferrite ngaphantsi kwe-1300 ℃ asizukutshintsha kakhulu. Ukuba le ntsimbi ayikhulisiwe kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo (okanye ayichatshazelwanga bubushushu) kuza kubakho ukuvela kwe-α+γ, i-γ2, kunye ne-δ, i-χ, i-R, i-α` i-intermetallic phase kunye ne-Cr2N nezinye ii-oxides. Ngenxa yokuba umthamo wekhabhoni kwithusi uphantsi (ngokubanzi 0.01% – 0.02%), ngokubanzi akukho ikhabhayidi kwithusi.

Iipropathi zomatshini ze ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engamthungo engu-2507 Iimveliso:

1. Iipropathi zomatshini ze ipayipi yentsimbi engatyiwayo engamthungo engu-2507 kwiqondo lobushushu lasegumbini:

Uhlobo lwentsimbi: ubukhulu bodonga ≤ 20mm; δ b/MPa:800-1000, δ 0.2/MPa:≥550, δ 5/%: ≥ 25, ukuqina (HV): 290

2. Iimpawu zoomatshini ze-2507 I-duplex engagqwali ipleyiti kwqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo – 200 ℃:

Uhlobo lwentsimbi Iqondo lobushushu/℃ δ b/MPa

Iqondo lobushushu legumbi elingama-530 nangaphezulu

Ipleyiti 100 ≥ 450

200 ≥400

3. Iipropathi zomatshini zepayipi engamthungo enediamitha enkulu ye-2507

ububanzi bangaphandle × ubukhulu bodonga δ b/MPa δ 0.2/MPa δ 5/% ukuqina (HV)

273.0mm × 4.19mm 894 644 40 284

323.9mm × 4.57mm 858 662 45 270

406.4mm × 4.74mm 854 657 41 272

Ukuthelekisa i-2507 nezinye iigradi zentsimbi engatyiwayo

Intsimbi engatyiwayo yinto eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi. Phakathi kweendidi zayo ezahlukeneyo, ipayipi engenamthungo yentsimbi engatyiwayo yohlobo lwe-2507 igqame ngeempawu zayo ezizodwa.

Olu hlobo lwe-duplex oluphezulu lwaziwa ngamandla alo aphezulu kunye nokumelana okugqwesileyo nomhlwa. Lusebenza ngokukodwa kakuhle kwiimeko ezinzima, nto leyo eyenza ukuba lukhetho olukhethwayo kwiinkqubo ezifuna kakhulu.

Isishwankathelo seedigri zentsimbi engatyiwayo

Iindidi zentsimbi engatyiwayo zahluke kakhulu ngokwakheka kwazo neempawu zazo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunika iinzuzo ezizodwa ezilungiselelwe iindlela ezithile zokusetyenziswa.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezahlukileyo kwiindidi ziquka ukumelana nomhlwa, amandla, kunye nokulungeleka ukubunjwa. Ezinye iindidi zigqwesa kwiimeko zaselwandle, ngelixa ezinye zilungele ngakumbi ukuqhutywa kokutya okanye ulwakhiwo.

Nazi ezinye iigradi eziqhelekileyo zentsimbi engatyiwayo:

• 304: Yaziwa ngokuba lula ukuyishandisa ngomshudo nokuyibumba.
• 316: Inika ukumelana okugqwesileyo nokugqwetheka, ingakumbi kwiimeko zaselwandle.
• 2507: Intsimbi ye-super duplex eyaziwa ngamandla ayo nokumelana nokugqwala.

Yintoni eyenza ipayipi ye-2507 yentsimbi engatyiwayo engenamthungo ibe yodwa?

Ipayipi ye-2507 yentsimbi engatyiwayo engenamthungo igqame ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo. Idibanisa amandla aphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili zentsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507 ziquka:

• Amandla aphezulu emveliso, edlula iigradi ezininzi ezingezinye.
• Ukumelana okugqwesileyo nokugqwala okwenza imingxuma nemicango.
• Iindleko eziphantsi zolondolozo, nangona kukho intlawulo yokuqala ephezulu.

I-2507 xa ithelekiswa neeGrade eziqhelekileyo zeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo (304, 316)

Xa kuthelekiswa i-2507 ne-304 kunye ne-316, kuvela umahluko ocacileyo. Iklasi nganye isebenzela iimfuno ezithile ngokusekelwe kwindlela esebenza ngayo kunye nexabiso.

I-304 stainless steel isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokufikeleleka kwayo ngexabiso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinjongo ezininzi. Ilula ukubunjwa nokudityaniswa, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwiiprojekthi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo.

I-316 yentsimbi engatyiwayo, kwelinye icala, inika ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono kune-304, ingakumbi kwiindawo zaselwandle. Oku kuyenza ithandwe kwiindawo apho ukuchanabeka kumanzi anetyuwa kuyinkxalabo.

Umyahluko ophambili uquka:

• Amandla: I-2507 inika amandla aphezulu kakhulu kune-304 kunye ne-316.
• Ukumelana nokugqwala: i-2507 igqwesa kwiimeko ezinzima xa ithelekiswa ne-304 kunye ne-316.
• Iindleko: Iindleko zokuqala ziphezulu kwi-2507, kodwa zisenokuba zizantsi iindleko zolondolozo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Iisicelo neeNzuzo zePayipi yeNtsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507

Ityhubhu yentsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507 ifumana indawo yayo kwiimeko ezinzima. Amashishini ayikhetha ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwiimeko ezimbi.

Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo engu-2507 ziquka:

• Ukuqina: Kunciphisa amaxesha okutshintshwa ngenxa yamandla awo.
• Ukhuseleko: Isebenza kakuhle phantsi koxinzelelo eliphezulu kunye nobushushu.
• Ukonga iindleko: Ukonga kwixesha elide ngenxa yeemfuno eziphantsi zolondolozo.

Ukukhetha iGreyidi yeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho

Ukukhetha elona gredi lentsimbi engatyiwayo lihle kakhulu kubandakanya ukuvavanya iimeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo nezokusebenza. Usetyenziso ngalunye lufuna indlela eyilelweyo ngokukodwa, esekelwe kwezo mfuno.

Qwalasela la mazibonelelo xa ukhetha uhlobo lwentsimbi engatyiwayo:

• Iimfuno zokugqwala: Inqanaba lokuchanabeka kwizinto ezigqwalayo.
• Uxinzelelo lomatshini: Ukumelana noxinzelelo nobushushu.
• Imiba yeendleko: Ukulinganisa phakathi kweendleko zokuqala kunye nokonga kwixesha elide.

Isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, ipayipi ye-2507 yentsimbi engatyiwayo engenamthungo inika amandla angummangaliso nokumelana nokugqwala xa ithelekiswa neendidi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-304 ne-316. Ukuqina nokuthembeka kwayo kuyenza ilungele iimeko ezinzima.

Ukuqonda iimpawu zeengqikithi ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi engatyiwayo kuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha imathiriyeli efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho ezithile zoshishino, uphucula ukusebenza kunye nokonga iindleko.